Republicans or Democrats control both the legislature and the governor's office in 36 states, the most in 60 years. Twenty-three states are now solely controlled by Republicans, and 13 solely by Democrats. The result has been what amounts to a vast, real-world experiment in lawmaking: Elected officials in one-party states have aggressively reshaped government policy, whether legalizing same-sex marriage and marijuana, abolishing taxes and regulations, or restricting guns or labor unions.